摘要
起源于西方的公民不服从理论以研究政治权威与政治义务服从之间的关系为对象,至今仍是西方法学、伦理学、政治学界关注的焦点和具有争议性的议题。近年来国内学界对公民不服从理论愈加关注。公民的道德权利是证明公民不服从正当性的核心依据,对公民不服从的道德权利证明在中西方语境下体现为不同的内在逻辑。德沃金从法律与道德的关系出发论证道德原则是法律的基础;罗尔斯从契约论角度主张公民不服从是公民提出申诉的一项道德权利;国内学者则偏重于从公民作为个体的道德感培养引申出公民的道德权利,并指出公民不服从理论可以促进我国公民社会的培育、法治理念的变革。
The theory of civil disobedience which originated from the West is to study the relationship between political authority and political obligation to obey as the object,maintaining the focus of the western law,ethics,political science and controversial issue.Domestic scholars increasingly concerned about the theory of civil disobedience in recent years.Citizen’s moral right is the core to prove the legitimacy of civil disobedience.Proof of moral rights of civil disobedience reflects different internal logic in the academic context of China and the West.Dworkin argued that the moral principles is the basis of law from the perspective of the relationship between law and moral;Rawls argued that civil disobedience is a moral right of civil to appeal from the perspective of contract theory;The domestic scholars are focus on the moral rights of citizens which come from the training of the individual’s sense of morality,and pointed out that the theory of civil disobedience can promote the cultivation of civil society and the transformation of the concept of rule of law in China.
