以氮磷推荐有机肥对温室番茄干物质、产量和品质的影响

Effect of Manure Recommendation Based N or P on Dry Matter Yield and Fruit Quality of Greenhouse Tomato

采用田间定位试验,研究了膜下滴灌条件下,以氮磷推荐有机肥(M0、M170N、M400N、M600N和M70P),按照氮素供应目标值和根层土壤氮素水平确定配施化肥的不同调控模式对温室番茄干物质、产量和果实品质的影响。结果表明,随着有机肥推荐量的增加,番茄干物质量增加,与单施化肥相比,以氮磷推荐有机肥对番茄干物质的影响差异不显著。以氮推荐M400N和以磷推荐M70P处理的番茄产量较高,比M0处理分别增产7.7%和5.5%,显著高于对照。以氮推荐M170N和M400N处理的番茄果实品质较好,降低番茄果实硝酸盐含量,提高Vc含量、可溶性糖和糖酸比,但对可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量的影响不显著。综合分析番茄干物质、产量和品质指标,在本试验条件下,以磷推荐有机肥70 kg/hm2,每季追施氮肥213 kg/hm2,或以氮推荐有机肥400 kg/hm2,每季追施氮肥113 kg/hm2为设施番茄高产优质有机无机养分管理模式。

A field experiment with three seasons of greenhouse tomato was conducted with drip irrigation.The effects of organic fertilizer recommendation（M0,M70P,M170N,M400Nand M600N）combined with chemical fertilizers based root zone N and P management on nutrient input,dry matter,fruit yield and quality was determined.The dry matter was increased with organic manure application rate increased.Compared to chemical fertilizer managemnt,dry matter of tomato with recommendations based on N or P was not significantly different.The yield of treatment M400N and M70P was increased by 7.7% and 5.5% respectively compared to chemical fertilizer M0 treatment.The yield was not significantly different from other treatments.Optimal aplication rate of organic manure could decrease nitrate content,increase the Vc content,soluble sugur,ratio of sugur to acid.But different application rate of manre could not significantly affect the soluble solid content and tritratable acid content.The fruit quality of treatment M170N and M400N was better than other treatments.In summary,the manure application of the recommendation rate of manure 70 kg/ha with 213 kg/ha topdressing fertilizer per season or 400 kg/ha with 113 kg/ha topdressing fertilizer per season was management mode for high fruit quality and nutrient use efficiency of greenhouse tomato under this soil fertility.