长期施用氮磷钾肥对褐土土壤肥力及作物产量的影响

Long Term Fertilization of NPK and Zn Fertilizer on Soil Fertility and Crop Yield

为研究长期不同施肥制度造成的作物产量及土壤质量变化,为我国华北地区冬小麦夏玉米生产中肥料资源的合理利用和农业可持续发展提供技术支撑。采用长期定位试验,开展了长期施肥对华北平原褐土土壤肥力以及作物产量的影响研究。试验结果表明,单施氮肥的处理,明显增加对地下水硝酸盐污染的环境风险。多年连续不施用磷肥或钾肥,土壤磷或钾的耗竭严重。氮磷、氮磷钾、氮磷钾锰锌配合处理冬小麦籽粒可以获得较高产量。氮磷钾和氮磷钾锰锌配合夏玉米籽粒可以获得较高产量。因此,无论从产量还是保持土壤肥力,以及保护环境方面,均应选择氮磷钾配合或氮磷钾锰锌配合。

The long-term experiment was launched for effect of fertilization on soil fertility and crop yield research of North China plain.The results showed that single nitrogen fertilizer obviously increased nitrate contamination risk of groundwater.Continuous years of no application of phosphorus and potash fertilizer,soil phosphorus or potassium depleted seriously.Winter wheat and summer corn with complexe of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and zinc fertilizer got the highest grain yield.The next was complexe of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium fertilizer.So for grain production or to maintain soil fertility,and protect environment,fertilization in this region should choose nitrogen phosphorus potassium zinc complexe or nitrogen phosphorus potassium complexe.