霍克海默与阿多诺辩证法思想比较

A Comparison of Hokheimer’s and Adorno’s Dialectical Thinkings

霍克海默与阿多诺都是西方马克思主义代表人物,两人都有着丰富的辩证法思想,前者提出"启蒙辩证法",意指使人们的思想从迷信、愚昧、盲目崇拜当中解放出来的观念与行为,揭示了思想、观念辩证发展的内在逻辑。后者则主张"否定辩证法",提出"变化着的实践需要批判的思想",突出强调辩证法的否定、批判的根本特性。实践和根源于实践基础上形成的思想之间,客体和把握客体的概念之间,概念和概念所表达的事物之间并不是完全同一的,因而要使思想随着变化了的实践而变化,要使概念能够完全表达被表达的事物,就必须要"批判"原有的思想,要"否定"过时了的概念。

Hokheimer and Adorno are representatives of Western Marxism and they both have rich dialeitical thinkings. The former has put forward ＂enlightening dialectics, which is concepts and behaviors to liberate man from superstition, stupidity and blind worship and reveals the inherent logic of dialectical development of ideas and concepts. The latter, on the other hand, has proposed ＂negative dialiectics＂, suggesting that ＂the changing prac- tice needs critical thinking＂ and emphasizing the negation of dialectics and the basic feature of criticism. Practice and ideas formed on the basis of practice, object and the concept controlling object and concept and the substance expressed by the concept do not necessarily agree with each other. Therefore we must criticise the original thoughts and negate the outdated ideas in order to change the ideas along with the changing practice and to make concept completely express the substance.