伸缩翼变形机构设计与实验研究

Structural Design and Experimental Research for the Telescopic Wing

针对智能可变体飞行器中伸缩翼变形机构设计难题,提出了基于菱形结构的伸缩翼变形机构设计思路及其方案,并分析了变形机构的受力特点,进行了构件尺寸和形状优化。通过实验样机测试,验证了机构的稳定性与可靠性。实验结果表明,基于菱形结构的伸缩翼变形机构能够实现翼展伸长率高达75%的大尺度外翼伸缩变形;而恒力弹簧的应用则进一步将两侧外翼伸缩的同步误差减小约50%,从而使外翼伸缩过程中的同步性能满足设计要求。

In order to deal with the design problem of telescopic wing deformation mechanism on the smart morphing aircrafts, this paper presented a new design idea and scheme of a telescopic wing deformation mechanism based on diamond- shaped structures. And the scales and shapes of this mechanism were optimized with its forces analysis. Its stability and reliability was also verified though the prototype design and experiments. The prototype test results showed that, the diamond- shaped deformation mechanism could achieve large - scale outer - wing extension with the wingspan change rate up to 75%. And the outer wing synchronization errors of both sides could be reduced to 50 % by using the constant force springs to satisfy the synchronization requirement of an available telescopic wing deformation mechanism during its outer- wing stretching process.