3种砧木对冬瓜枣生长结果特性及果实品质的影响

Effects of three rootstocks on the growth, fruit setting character and fruit quality of Fatmelon-shaped Jujube

以本砧、酸枣砧和铜钱树砧3种砧木嫁接的冬瓜枣为试材,探究其对冬瓜枣生长结果特性及果实品质的影响。结果表明,铜钱树砧嫁接的冬瓜枣的枣头、枣吊生长量明显较本砧和酸枣砧的大,枣股抽生枣吊数及坐果率与本砧枣差异不显著,与酸枣砧枣差异显著;3种砧木嫁接的冬瓜枣果实生长发育类型均属于较为典型的"双S"型,果实纵径、横径均以铜钱树砧冬瓜枣最大,酸枣砧冬瓜枣最小;铜钱树砧冬瓜枣的平均单果重、可食率、可溶性固形物、总糖、还原糖、可滴定酸含量以及维生素C含量与本砧枣差异不显著,与酸枣砧枣差异显著,其中铜钱树砧冬瓜枣单果重最重,可食率最高。综合比较发现,铜钱树砧嫁接的冬瓜枣长势好,品质好,适于推广。

Using Fatmelon-shaped jujube grafted with original rootstock,wild jujube rootstock and coppers tree rootstock as experimental material,the effects of variety on the growth,fruit setting characters and fruit quality of Fatmelon-shaped jujube were explored.The results showed that the growth increments of jujube head and shedding shoot of Fatmelon-shaped jujube grafted with coppers tree rootstock was higher than those of grafted with the original and wild jujube rootstock.The number of shedding shoot and fruit setting rate of Fatmelon-shaped jujube grafted with coppers tree and wild jujube rootstock were significantly different,but there was no significant difference between the coppers tree and original rootstock grafted one.The fruit growth curve of Fatmelon-shaped jujube grafted with three rootstocks was typical double S-shaped.Fruit longitudinal and horizontal diameter of Fatmelon-shaped jujube grafted with coppers tree rootstock were the largest,while those wild jujube rootstock grafted one was the minimum.The average single fruit weight,fruit edible rate,the content of soluble solids,total sugar,reducing sugar,titrable acid and vitamin C of Fatmelon-shaped jujube grafted with coppers tree rootstock were similar to that of the original rootstock grafted one,and the differences between coppers tree and wild jujube rootstock grafted one was significant.The average single fruit weight of Fatmelon-shaped jujube grafted with coppers tree rootstock was the largest,with the highest fruit edible rate.By comprehensive comparison,Fatmelon-shaped jujube grafted with coppers tree rootstock had good growth and fruit quality,which is suitable for promotion.