国内外贸易增加值问题研究的进展

Impact of Domestic and Overseas Study of Trade in Value Added

经济全球化向纵深发展,以关境、总值为基础的传统国际贸易核算方式受到挑战,世贸组织等主要国际经济组织提出了贸易增加值核算方法。目前国际上已形成OECD和世贸组织的全球投入产出数据库等五大数据库。中国学者将加工贸易从国内生产中分离出来,提出一套测算中国出口增加值的方法论,建立了适合研究中国的非竞争型投入产出模型。通过贸易增加值核算数据库,可以利用历史数据探寻转型升级的规律,为新一轮开放找准着力点,同时利用该方法和有关数据深入研究中国经济实现转型升级的路径。制订一套全面的、能够充分反映全球价值链和国际产业分工格局变化的国际贸易核算体系当然最好,但制约因素也很多。

The deepening economic globalization has posed challenge to the traditional method of international trade calculation and,therefore,some international economic organizations,such as the WTO,have put forward the method of trade in value added measurement.Now there have been five major databases established by such organizations as OECD and WTO,which measure global input and output statistics.By separating the processing trade from domestic production,some Chinese scholars have put forward a set of methods for calculating the country ’ s export value added and established non-competitive input-output models that are suitable for China.Through the trade in value added databases,researchers can make use of the historical data to tap a proper track for the country ’ s transition and upgrading.It is no doubt good to establish a comprehensive international trade statistical regime that can fully reflect global value chain and changes in international industrial division patterns,but it is very challenging.