东江野生鱼中多溴联苯醚的污染特征

Polluted Characteristic of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Wild Fish Muscle from Dongjiang River

为了解东江多溴联苯醚(Polybrominated diphenyl ethers,PBDEs)污染的环境风险,采集东江南支流东莞河段7种野生鱼(花鲈、罗非鱼、黄唇鱼、大眼华鳊、鮻、大鳞鮻和棘头梅童鱼)并研究了其PBDEs污染特征。采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析10种PBDEs的结果表明,∑10PBDEs(BDE28,47,66,100,99,85,154,153,138,183)的含量范围为21～363ng·g-1.lip(脂肪归一化浓度)。浓度最高的为杂食性的大鳞鮻,均值为96ng·g-1.lip,范围为56～168ng·g-1.lip;浓度最低的为肉食性的黄唇鱼,均值为41ng·g-1.lip,范围为25～58ng·g-1.lip。总体来说,鱼肌肉中∑10PBDEs含量在国内处于较高水平,在国外处于中端水平。所有样品中,BDE47相对含量最高,占∑10PBDEs的比例为41%～77%。不同鱼类肌肉中∑10PBDEs、BDE47和BDE100与鱼重、鱼长和脂肪含量之间相关性不同,只有大鳞鮻与大眼华鳊肌肉中的PBDEs与鱼重、鱼长和脂肪含量之间有明显相关性。

To investigate the environmental risks and the present pollution information of polybrominated diphenyl ethers（PBDEs） in wild fish from Dongjiang River, we collected seven kinds of fish, i.e., Lateolabrax japonicus, Tilapia, Bahaba here, Sinnibrama macrops, Liza haematocheila, Liza macrolepis, Collichthys lucidus in a south branch of this river for the analysis of PBDEs. The analysis of PBDE congeners were conducted with gas chromatography negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry（GC-NCI-MS）. The results showed the concentrations of ∑10PBDEs（BDE28, 47, 66, 100, 99, 85, 154, 153, 138, 183） were 21-363 ng·g^-1.lip（lipid-normalized concentration）. The highest concentration was observed in Liza macrolepis, falling into a range of 56-168 ng·g^-1.lip and with an average value of 96 ng·g^-1.lip. The lowest concentration found in Bahaba here was ranged from 25 to 58 ng·g^-1.lip, with the average value of 41 ng·g^-1.lip. BDE47 was the dominant congener in all biota samples, with a contribution to ∑10PBDEs ranging from 41% to 77%. The correlations between the concentration of ∑10PBDEs、BDE47 and BDE100 in fish muscle and weight, length along with lipid content are various in different kinds of fish. And only in the muscular tissue of Liza macrolepis Sinnibrama macrops, can the significant correlations be observed.