超声波对3种水华爆发主因蓝藻的控制

The Control of Three Species of Blue Algae Causing Algae Bloom by Ultrasonic

利用改装的超声波发生器对3种水华爆发的主因蓝藻门的铜绿微囊藻、螺旋鱼腥藻、水华束丝藻的去除效果及作用机理进行研究。结果表明,80kHz超声波对3种藻类去除作用不明显,20kHz低频超声波则有显著去除作用,去除效果依次为螺旋鱼腥藻>水华束丝藻>铜绿微囊藻;螺旋鱼腥藻和水华束丝藻等长链藻在超声波作用下断裂成为短链甚至单细胞藻体从而失去活性,相比铜绿微囊藻更为敏感。超声波对3种藻类的去除效果随着作用功率和时间的增加而增强,但考虑到经济性和安全性因素,功率-时间选取应和作用范围相适应。

Algae bloom has become a severe problem in China. A lot of techniques were studied on the control of blue algae, one of which is ultrasonic, a physical method with the excellence on simplicity, chemical free and quick effect. In the experiment, the ultrasonic generator was modified to control three major species of algae（microcystis aeruginosa, Anabaena spiroides, and aphanizomenon flos-aquae） causing algae bloom, and the effectiveness and mechanism was reviewed and studied. The ultrasonic of 80 kHz has little effect on algae elimination, while the ultrasonic of 20 kHz has significant reduction effect on all three of them, with Anabaena spiroides removed the most and microcystis aeruginosa the least. The two long-chain algae, Anabaena spiroides and aphanizomenon flos-aquae, are more sensitive to ultrasonic because of chain breaking and the loss of activity, while the spherical algae, Microcystis aeruginosa is broken by ultrasonic based on the cavitation effect. The effectiveness of ultrasonic increased with the increase of power or extention of time, while proper power and time is recommended based on the cost and security issues. The result may provide foundation for the practical use of ultrasonic on blue algae control in the Yangtze River Delta Region.