草果果仁及果壳挥发油化学成分的GC-MS分析

Analysis of Volatile Oils from the Seeds and Shells of Amomum tsao-ko by GC-MS

目的:分析草果果仁、果壳挥发油的化学成分的差异,为其开发及应用提供基础。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法分别提取草果果仁及果壳的挥发油,并计算其含量;用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)法分析鉴定各挥发油的化学成分组成及结构。结果:从3个不同批次的草果中共鉴定出75个成分。其中从草果仁挥发油样品中分别鉴定出35,48,42个组分,分别占挥发油总量的94.8%,95.6%,93.7%;从果壳挥发油中分别鉴定出55,70,68个组分,分别占其挥发油总量的94.5%,91.5%,91.4%。其中果仁挥发油共有成分有33个,果壳挥发油共有成分有54个;果壳与果仁挥发油成分大部分相同,其共有成分主要有1,8-桉油素、α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、α-松油醇、橙花叔醇等29个成分,分别占果壳和果仁挥发油总成分的69.27%～77.29%,91.56%～93.88%。草果果壳挥发油的特有成分有β-桉叶醇、葑醇、反式-松香芹醇、δ-杜松烯、(-)-桃金娘烯醇等18个化合物,果仁挥发油中无此类成分。结论:草果果壳挥发油含量约为果仁的1/4,果壳及果仁的挥发油成分大部分相同,均含有较高含量的1,8-桉油素和α-松油醇,但两者成分仍存在一定差异。

Objective： To analyze the chemical constituents of volatile oil from the seeds and shells of Amomum taso-Ko,and provide a basis for its development and application.Method： The steam distillation was used to the extraction of volatile oils and then calculated its content.The constituents of these volatile oils were separated and identified by GC-MS.Result： 35,48,42 compounds of three volatile oils of Amomum tsao-ko seeds from different origins were identified respectively,which account for 94.8%,95.6%,93.7% of their total peak area respectively.55,70,68 compounds of the volatile oil samples from Amomum tsao-ko shells were identified,which account for 94.5%,91.5%,91.4% of their total oils.There were 29 common constituents in the volatile oil from the seeds and shells of Amomum taso-ko,which were 1,8-cineole,α-pinene,β-pinene,α-terpineol,nerolidol,and so on,which account for 95.4%-94.1% and 71.0%-77.6% of the total oils from the seeds and shells respectively.There were 18 special constituents in the volatile oils from the shells of Amomum taso-ko,such as β-eudesmol,fenchol,trans-（-） pinocarveol,δ-cadinene,（-）-myrtenol,and so on,which were not be found in the volatile oils from the seeds.Conclusion： The volatile oils from the shells were about 1 /4 of the seeds＇.Most of the constituents in the volatile oils from the seeds and shells of Amomum taso-ko are similar,all of the volatile oils contain a higher content of 1,8-cineole and α-terpineol,but still have some difference between the constituents of these two kinds of volatile oils.