交会对接微波雷达近距离高精度测角算法研究

Research on Near-Field High-Accuracy Angle Measurement Algorithm for Rendezvous and Docking Microwave Radar

近距离测角与远距离测角的主要区别是被测目标位于雷达天线阵近场而非远场,目前的测角算法均基于远场目标假设,在交会对接近距离测角中难以满足精度要求。针对交会对接微波雷达近距离高精度测角问题,提出了一种基于相差复矢量匹配的测角算法。分析了测角信号空间传播几何模型,定义了相差复矢量及表征相差复矢量匹配程度的测角目标函数,建立了求解方位角与俯仰角的非线性规划算法模型,给出了算法的输入条件和执行步骤。仿真结果和微波暗室实测结果验证了该算法的有效性。

The measured target of close range angle measurement is in the near-field of radar antenna array while that of long range angle measurement is in the far-field. The current angle measurement algorithm based on the assumption of the far-field target is hard to satisfy the accuracy requirement in near-field angle measurement of space rendezvous and docking. In order to achieve near-field high-accuracy angle measurement in microwave rendezvous and docking radar, a new algorithm based on phase difference complex vector matching is proposed. A three-dimensional geometric model is introduced first. Then, phase difference complex vector is constructed, and a function which quantifies the similarity of phase difference complex vector is defined. Based on the above concepts, a nonlinear programming algorithm model for calculating azimuth and elevation angles is established. In addition, the input parameters and processing steps of the algorithm are described in detail. The simulation results and anechoic chamber experiments results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.