新世纪十个“中央一号文件”:回顾与展望

Retrospect and Prospect-Ten No.1 Documents of CPC Central Committee in the New Century

2004年以来,中共中央连续发布了十个指导"三农"工作的一号文件,初步形成了系统的强农惠农富农政策框架。本文在分析十个"中央一号文件"出台背景的基础上,梳理了促进农民持续增收、保障国家粮食安全和重要农产品有效供给、建立财政支农长效机制、加强农业基础设施建设、加快农村公共事业发展、强化农业科技支撑和社会化服务、培育新型农民与提高组织化程度以及稳定和完善农村基本经营制度等八大政策关注重点,并对十年"三农"发展成效进行了评价。本文认为,中国未来的农业政策将着力于在稳定农村基本经营制度前提下,创新农业生产经营体制机制以及在促进"四化同步"前提下逐步实现农业现代化。

The central government has issued ten No. 1 documents in succession since 2004 to guide the work relating agriculture, rural areas and farmers, which has set up a preliminary and systematic framework for supporting agriculture and benefiting farmers. The thesis, on the basis of analyzing the background of the ten central government No. 1 documents, beefs up eight poli- cies concerning promoting farmers＇ income, safeguarding national food safety and effective supply of major agricultural products, establishing long-term mechanism to support farmers in finance, strengthening the agricultural infrastructure construction, speeding up the development of rural public utilities, cultivating new farmers and upgrading farmers organization, stabilizing and im- proving the rural basic management systems. The thesis evaluates the development effects of ag- riculture, rural areas and farmers, has drawn the conclusion that China＇s future policy in agricul- ture will focus on creating new agricultural production system and operation mechanism on the premise of the stability of the rural basic management system, and realizing agricultural moderni- zation on the premise of synchronizing the four modernizations in rural areas.