串联谐振型高压故障限流器研究及应用进展述评

Critical Review on High-voltage Series Resonance Type Fault Current Limiter

近年来,中国部分区域电网短路电流水平(特别是500 kV等级)显著增加,或逼近甚至超过设备遮断容量,制约系统安全可靠运行。相对于传统的被动式短路电流控制措施,故障电流限制器能够主动式地限制短路电流,是具有可观发展潜力的限制短路电流技术。笔者首先介绍了故障限流器的主要分类,其次调查分析了固态故障限流器研究和应用现状,重点展示了串联谐振型故障限流器的拓扑结构和工作原理。最后,针对该型限流器,从系统侧,讨论了安装位置确定、容量选择、布点优化、继电保护整定等外部应用技术问题,从装置侧,讨论了过电压分析、谐波分析和抑制、损耗分析及降损等内部核心技术问题,为中国故障限流器特别是串联谐振型高压故障限流器的深入研发与应用推广提供参考。

Recently,the short-circuit currents（SCCs）in some regional power grids in China（e.g.500 kV） have been increasing greatly and may close to and even exceed the short-circuit current ratings of equipment.As a result,the safeties and reliabilities of these power systems might be hardly secured.This phenomenon attracts more and more attentions,both in the industry and in the academic society.Fault current limiter（FCL）can actively limit SCCs in comparison to the traditional passive means,which is a promising technology due to the advantage of saving the cost of updating and replacement.At first,the paper simply reviews the classification of FCL and investigates the developing trend of solid-state FCL.Secondly,the topology and working principle about series resonant type FCL are presented.Finally,the system-side technical problems such as location determination,capacity selection,relay protection settings are analyzed.Meanwhile,the device-side technical problems,for example,over-voltage analysis,harmonic analysis,loss analysis are discussed.