K型小麦雄性不育系育性恢复及产量相关性状分析

Analysis on Restoration of Fertility and the Main Related Yield-characters for K-type Male Sterile Line

为了给K型小麦雄性不育系、恢复系的选育及杂种组合选配提供依据,以4个K型小麦雄性不育系与9个恢复系组配成36个杂交组合,探讨不同小麦雄性不育系的易恢性差异和恢复系的恢复力差异,并对杂种F1代的有效小穗数、穗粒数、千粒重等产量性状进行相关分析与通径分析。结果表明,4个小麦雄性不育系中,A116的易恢性最好,A306、A1129的易恢性适中,KJ32A的易恢性最差。9个恢复系中,RE9、R92、RE6、R45233是一组恢复力较强且稳定的恢复系,平均恢复度均超过70%;R538、R45231、R159、R198的平均恢复度在64%～70%之间,是一组恢复力中等的恢复系;R417的恢复力较弱。本研究还表明,不育系与恢复系间存在一定互作效应。在产量性状上,有效小穗数及穗粒数表现出明显的优势。说明在杂交小麦强优势组合选育上,K型小麦雄性不育系A116的应用价值较大,同时还应注意优势组合的有效穗数和穗粒数的选择。

With 36 hybrids were crossed by four sterile lines and nine restorer lines as test materials,study its restoring degrees and analyze its correlation and path coefficient of yield.The results showed that among the four sterile lines,A116 has the best easy restoration of fertility,the next are A306 and A1129,KJ32A is the last one.Among the nine restorer lines,RE9,R92,RE6,R45233 are a group of high and stable restorer lines,their average restoring degrees all exceed 70%.R538,R45231,R159,R198 are the medium group of restorer lines,their average restoring degrees are between 64% and 70%.R417 is a type of lower restoring ability.There are interactive effects between different sterile lines and restorer lines.Among the three yield component factors（effective ears,grains per ears,1000-grain weight）,effective ears and grains per ears have bigger contributions.In conclusion,A116 has to the extend value in hybrid wheat;at the same time,we should emphasize selction of population and grains per spike during breeding hybrid wheat combination.