从谢良佐到张九成:洛学心本体的建构

From Xie Liangzuo to Zhang Jiucheng:the Construction of the Ontology of the Luo School

从二程的洛学到陆象山的心学,谢良佐、张九成起了很重要的过渡作用。谢良佐继承了二程天理观;另一方面又有所损益,尤其是发挥了二程中的心学因素。张九成在谢良佐的基础上,进一步发挥了心与仁的关系,一定程度上将心提升到本体的地位。值得注意的是,二人对待禅学的态度,也影响了他们心学思想的程度。谢、张二人从本体中的心学因素立论,在心上试图构建一个宇宙的理论体系。虽然没有明确提出心本体的概念,但是他们的思想却被后世陆九渊、王阳明所继承发展,事实上为心学的形成,奠定了基础。

Xie Liangzuo and Zhang Jiucheng played a very important role in the transition from the Cheng brothers＇ Luo School to Lu Xiangshan＇ s Heart-mind Theory. Xie Liangzuo inherited the Cheng brothers＇ Heavenly Principles, and especially gave play to the Ontology of the Luo School, but had profit and loss. On the basis of this, Zhang Jiucheng further perfected the relationship between heart-mind and benevolence, and ascended heart-mind to the status of the ontology to some context. It is worth noting that their attitudes towards Zen Idea also affected their own Heart-mind Theory. Xie and Zhang were trying to build a theoretical system of the universe, with the arguments of the Heart-mind Theory from the Ontology. Although they did not explicitly put forward the concept of Heart Ontology, their idea was inherited and developed by their later generations such as Lu Jiuyuan and Wang Yangming, which laid the foundation of the Heart-mind Theory.