中国现代文学批评的外部研究趋势与“真实”诉求

On the External Research Tendency and “Reality” Appeal of Modern Chinese Literary Criticism

透视历史主义对中国现代文学批评的影响,聚焦其与进化观念对中国现代白话文确立、文学观念与史学建构起到的理论支撑作用。传统"文以载道"观、舶来理论、中国现代社会特点三者共同作用下,形成了现代文学批评外部研究的趋向及特点。追溯现代批评对文学外部因素的关注,探究文学外部研究方法形成的历史与特征,探讨该研究趋向导致的文学与批评的"真实"诉求,分析文学"真实"被赋予的科学精神、道德勇气以及引起的后果,对理解现当代文学观念的形成具有重要价值。

This paper probes into the effect of historism on modern Chinese literary criticism and highlights the theoretical support of historism and ideas of evolution to the establishment of modern vernacular Chinese and the construction of Chinese literary concepts and historical science. The traditional idea of ＂writing for the sake of conveying truth＂, the foreign theories and the characteristics of Chinese modern society have helped to shape the tendencies and features of the external research of modern Chinese literary criticism. Reviewing the attention modern criticism pays to the literary external factors, exploring the history and features of literary external research methodology, discussing the ＂reality＂ appeal of Chinese literature and its criticism, and analyzing the scientific spirit, moral courage as well as possible outcomes endowed to the literary ＂reality＂ are of great value to understand the formulation of modern and contemporary literary concepts.