北京市居民用药安全现状调查分析

Survey and Analysis of Medication Safety of Residents in Beijing

目的:了解北京市居民用药安全现状,为更好地保证民众用药安全提供参考。方法:对北京市5个行政区居民随机发放调查问卷500份,就被调查者对处方药的认知情况、对药品不良反应的认知情况、自我药疗的情况等进行调查和统计、分析。结果:回收有效问卷481份,有效回收率为96.20%。59.04%的被调查者清楚抗菌药物是处方药。仅有5.20%的被调查者会定期检查药品过期情况;26.41%的被调查者表示曾经服用过过期药品;24.53%的被调查者用药前不会阅读药品说明书;78.17%的被调查者会私自增加服药剂量。只有4.13%的被调查者对于药品不良反应的认知较好。结论:居民在日常用药或者自我药疗过程中,最大的问题是对安全用药相关知识的匮乏而导致的用药安全意识薄弱,用药行为和用药习惯存在不合理之处,最终可能造成用药安全隐患或发生用药安全问题。为此,应当从居民、药店、社会三方面采取干预策略。

OBJECTIVE： To investigate medication safety of the residents in Beijing, and to provide reference for the guaran- tee of medication safety of the residents. METHODS： 500 questionnaires were sent out among the residents in 5 districts of Beijing. The cognition of respondents about prescribed drugs, ADR and self-medicine were surveyed and analyzed statistically. RESULTS： 481 valid questionnaires were collected with effective recovery of 96.20%. 59.04% of respondents realized antibiotics were pre- scribed drugs. Only 5.2% of respondents checked expired drugs regularly; 26.41% had taken expired drugs; 24.53% didn＇t read package insert before medication; 78.17% increased medication dose privately; only 4.13% of respondents had better understand- ing of adverse drug reactions. CONCLUSIONS： During daily medication or self-medication process, the biggest security problem is that the residents lack of knowledge of drug safety, resulting in weak awareness of drug safety, unreasonable medication behav- ior and habit, moreover, hidden danger of medication safety and medication safety. Intervention strategy should be adopted in re- spects of resident, drugstore and society.