中美小组设计活动的质量与过程的比较

A Comparison of Quality and Process of Design Activities between Chinese and American Groups

比较面对面条件下中国人 3人小组和美国人 3人小组的设计活动。中、美被试分别为 15组和 19组 ,组内 3人彼此熟悉。每组用 90min时间设计一个全自动邮局规划 ,所提交的书面报告被用于评价其工作质量 ,从录像获得的口语记录被用于分析他们的设计过程。结果表明 :(1)中、美组设计质量的平均分数没有差异 ;(2 )中、美组的设计活动基本相似 ,但中国组花较多时间在“会议管理”上 ,花较少时间在“离题”上 ;(3)中、美组 3人发言时间的分布模式分别是 8:5 :3和 4:3:2。

The present study compares the design activities between Chinese and American groups in face\|to\|face condition. There were 15 Chinese groups and 19 American groups. Each group consisted of 3 participants who knew each other well. All group were instructed to develop a working prototype of an Automatic Post Office in 90 minutes. The groups' output was used to evaluate the quality of their design. Transcripts of the conversations obtained from the video tapes were used to analyze the process of design. The results showed that there was no difference in average judged design quality between Chinese and American participants. The Chinese and American groups are strikingly similar to each other in several ways, though Chinese groups spend much more time on “meeting management' and less time on “digressions' than American groups did. The patterns of speaking time distribution among 3 participants in Chinese and American groups were 8:5:3 and 4:3:2, respectively.