2004—2012年洛阳市疟疾疫情流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Luoyang City from 2004 to 2012

目的 掌握我国传染病网络直报以来洛阳市疟疾的流行特征，为洛阳市实现消除疟疾目标提供防控依据。 方法 根据我国传染病疫情网络数据，对2004—2012年洛阳市的疟疾疫情资料进行描述性流行病学分析。 结果 2004—2012年，洛阳市累计报告疟疾病例147例，间日疟71例，恶性疟62例，卵型疟1例，未分型病例13例，年发病率为0.079/10万 - 0.443/10万，死亡2例。男女性别比6.74 ∶ 1. 发病以青壮年男性为主，20-45岁年龄组占发病的74.15%（109/147）。农民和工人为主要发病人群，分别占发病总人数的55.78%（82/147）和14.29%（21/147）。输入性疟疾病例占全部病例的76.19%（112/147）。65.52%（97/147）的病例发生在夏、秋季。 结论 洛阳市近几年疟疾发病处于上升趋势，病例以输入性疟疾为主。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Luoyang City and to provide scientific evidence for prevention and control measures. Methods A descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted based on the epidemic monitoring data of malaria in Luoyang from 2004 to 2012. Resuits A total of 147 malaria cases was reported in Luoyang during the period, including 71 cases of Plasmodium vivax malaria, 62 cases of P. falciparum malaria, 2 cases of P. ovale malaria and 13 cases undistinguished, and among them 2 cases were died. The annual incidence was between 0.079 and 0.443 per 100 000 cases. The rate of male/female was 6.74 ： 1. The majority of cases was young adult people, and people aged 20-45 years old ac- counted for 74.15% （109/147） of all cases. The major populations infected with malaria were farmers and workers, accounting for 55.78% （82/147） and 14.29% （21/147）, respectively. Imported cases accounted for 76.19% （112/ 147） of all eases. Moreover, 65.52% （97/147） eases occurred from March to July in each year. Conclusion Malaria incidence was increasing in Luoyang City during 2004-2012 and most of malaria were imported cases.