心血管内科患者感染的危险因素及预防对策

Risk factors for infections in patients of department of cardiovascular medicine and prevention countermeasures

目的探讨心血管内科患者感染的危险因素及预防,为临床诊治提供参考。方法对2009年5月-2012年8月医院收治的132例心血管内科感染患者临床治疗和医院感染情况进行回顾性分析。结果心血管内科患者的感染率为7.33%,感染部位以呼吸道为主,占66.66%,其次为泌尿系统和胃肠道,分别占13.63%和12.12%;在并发症、心功能、患者住院时间、有无侵入性操作、是否使用过预防性的抗菌药物、是否使用过抑酸药物方面,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应针对心血管内科患者的感染危险因素,合理应用抗菌药物、尽量减少侵入性操作、缩短患者住院时间、改善患者的基础情况,以降低感染率。

OBJECTIVE To explore the risk factors for infections in the patients of department of cardiovascular medicine and put forward prevention countermeasures so as to guide the clinical diagnosis and treatment.METHODS The clinical data and the incidence of nosocomial infections in 132 cases of patients who were treated in the department of cardiovascular medicine from May 2009 to Aug 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS The infection rate of the patients of the cardiovascular medicine department was 7.33%,the respiratory tract was the main infection site,accounting for 66.66%,followed by the urinary tract（13.63%） and the gastrointestinal tract（12.12%）.The difference in the complication,cardiac function,length of hospital stay,invasive operation,use of preventive antibiotics,or use of acid-suppressing drugs was statistically significant（P 0.05）.CONCLUSIONBy focusing on the risk factor for the infections in the patients of department of cardiovascular medicine,it is necessary to reasonably use antibiotics,reduce the invasive operation,shorten the hospitalization duration,and improve the patients＇underlying condition so as to reduce the incidence of infections.