宪法权利“新”辨

A “New” Discrimination of Constitutional Rights

宪法权利与人权、基本权利存在一定区别,不应混同使用。从权利属性上看,宪法权利兼具公权利与私权利双重属性;从权利主体上看,宪法权利的主体既有公民,也有自然人,还可能是法人。此外,妇女、儿童、老人、残疾人等特殊群体的宪法权利所指称的实际是作为个体的人的权利;从权利内容上看,宪法权利可划分为基本权利与非基本权利。宪法权利是一个有机的开放体系,其内容并不限于宪法明文规定的权利。基于这三个维度的考察,宪法权利相较于人权、基本权利,其意涵更丰富、语词更优越、表述更规范。

Constitutional rights is different from human rights and fundamental rights,We should not use them in the same meaning.Interpretation of constitutional rights comes from three dimensions： First is the nature of rights,constitutional rights is of the nature of both public right and private right;Second is the subject of rights,the subject of constitutional rights sometimes are citizens,is also natural person and corporation.Generally speaking,special collective’s constitutional rights refer to personal rights;Three is the contents of rights.constitutional rights can be divided into fundamental rights and inessential rights.constitutional rights is a open system,it is including but not limited to what written constitutional law.In the basis of these three dimensions,we found out that constitutional rights are more plentiful in connotation,more superior in phrase and more standard in indication than human rights and fundamental rights.