新兴技术发展的潜在风险及技术治理问题研究

Potential Risks in the Development of Emerging Technologies and the Problems of Technology Governance

本文分析了新兴技术发展引发的社会风险,厘定了"技术治理"的内涵与目标。在此基础上,以欧美国家发展纳米技术和新一代互联网技术的治理过程为例,探索了新兴技术治理的模式和主要路径,进而指出:中国在构建新兴技术发展环境的过程中存在着政府重视程度不够、社会对于技术风险问题认识不足、中国特殊的社会文化传统影响、政府之外行动者参与力度不够等问题,并给出了发挥政府作为、科学共同体参与、加强安全性评估、积极参与全球治理等四个方面的对策建议。

This paper analyzes social risks caused by the emerging technologies and interprets the connotation and target of technology governance.And it takes nanotechnology and the Internet technology of next generation as example and explores the modes and main routes of emerging technologies governance of America and European countries.Then it discusses main problems for China to construct the enviorment for development of emerging technologies： scarce of attention from government,scarce of understanding of techonology risk from society,the special culture of China,the low participation degree of other actors.At last it puts forward some advises from four aspects： the effect of government,participation of scientific community,strengthen the assessment of technology safety,participate in global governance actively.