中澳贸易隐含碳排放的测算及失衡度分析

Analysis of Embodied CO_2 Emissions and Unbalanced Degree in Sino-Australian Trade

文章应用投入产出法建立一个测算中澳两国进出口贸易隐含碳排放的模型,分别运用双区域和单区域投入产出表估算两国贸易商品的碳排放系数,并采用两国近10年的进出口贸易数据,测算中澳贸易隐含碳排放量及其对中国"碳排放"的净影响。研究发现,以2007年为分界点,中国在中澳贸易中由隐含碳的净出口国转变为隐含碳净进口国;这意味着中国通过中澳贸易向其转移了碳排放,即中澳双边贸易有利于中国经济"节能减排"、向低碳发展模式转型。文章最后分析了中澳贸易隐含碳排放的失衡度,从行业的角度进一步论证了上述变化的原因;并阐述了本研究的政策意义。

This paper develops a model to quantify the embodied CO2 in the Sino-Australian trade by using the method of input-output analysis. In this model, the carbon emission coefficients of the trade commodities are respectively estimated by both the Sino-Australian bilateral input-output tables and the single Chinese input-output tables. Then together with the import and export data in recent years, the levels of carbon emissions embodied in the Sino-Australian trade are calculated. It finds that, since 2007, China has become a net importer instead of a net exporter of embodied carbon in the Sino-Australian trade, namely China has shifted out its carbon emission through the bilateral trade, which is beneficial for China＇ s transition into a low carbon economy. It also analyzes the unbalanced degree of carbon emissions embodied in the Sino-Australian trade, and elaborates some policy implications.