基于生态约束的辽阳首山地下水水源地管理模型

Groundwater Management Model Considering Ecological Constraints for the Shoushan Groundwater Works in Liaoyang

本文以辽阳首山水源地作为研究对象,在地下水动力场模拟基础上,采用情景分析方法,将3种情景的地下水生态水位作为1项重要的约束条件纳入到地下水管理模型中,建立了基于生态约束的地下水管理模型,采用线性规划方法求得3种不同情景的地下水新增优化开采量分别为21 986m3/d、12 934m3/d、22 602m3/d。管理模型结果表明,通过优化调整开采方案,在增加全区开采量的同时能够保证首山地下水漏斗的逐渐恢复,同时有利于解决研究区内潜在的土壤盐渍化威胁,实现经济效益与生态效益的统一。

Groundwater is regarded as an important factor in ecological state,but in traditional groundwater management models little attention is given to the ecological and geo-environmental functions of groundwater.Here,we focus on the Shoushan groundwater works in Liaoyang,Liaoning.The Shoushan groundwater works are located in the alluvial and pluvial fan of the Taizihe River,a large stream of the Liaohe River.Alongside rapid economic development a very large groundwater depression（Shoushan groundwater depression） now exists.We simulated the groundwater dynamic field according to monitoring data,and designed three scenes： scene 1 refers to the upper limit of ecological groundwater table as the groundwater evaporation limit depth and the lower limit as the strongest evaporation limit depth of phreatic water;scene 2 refers to the upper limit of ecological groundwater table as the best infiltration limit depth and the lower limit as the strongest evaporation limit depth of phreatic water;scene 3 refers to the upper limit of ecological groundwater table as the best infiltration limit depth and the lower limit as the strongest evaporation limit depth of phreatic water in non-paddy field areas or the limit depth to cause soil salinization in the paddy field area.The new increased optimal volumes of development were 219.86 × 10 6 m 3 /d for scene 1,129.34 × 10 6 m 3 /d for scene 2,and 276.02 × 10 6 m 3 /d for scene 3.Management results show that if the development layout is optimized,a new increased development project will be obtained and the Shoushan groundwater depression may recover.