农业文化遗产地旅游资源利用的多类型比较——以技术型、景观型和遗址型遗产为例

Tourism Resources Utilization of Different Types of Agricultural Heritage Systems

旅游发展是农业文化遗产动态保护和适应管理的重要举措,有针对性地、科学地掌握其旅游资源利用特征是成功发展旅游的前提和基础。本文以技术型(浙江青田)、景观型(云南红河)和遗址型(江西万年)农业文化遗产地为例,开展了农业文化遗产地旅游资源利用特征对比研究。研究建立了以主体旅游资源特征、辅助旅游资源特征、外部因素特征以及客源与市场特征为内容的农业文化遗产地旅游资源利用特征评价体系,构建了农业文化遗产地旅游资源可持续利用模式分析的"优势-劣势-状态-响应"概念模型,提出技术型农业文化遗产地旅游资源可持续利用采用"市场带动资源模式",景观型采用"资源带动市场模式",遗址型采用"节事活动带动模式",可为案例区及其它相似区域农业文化遗产旅游资源持续利用提供参考。

Tourism development has proved to be dynamic conservation and adaptive management for agricultural heritage sites,and the assessment of tourism resources characteristics in a scientific way will lay the foundation for the sustainable management of these agricultural heritage systems.This study explores agricultural heritage tourism resource utilization characteristics by analyzing agricultural technology heritage,agriculture landscape heritage and agricultural relic site heritage in China.Three cases respectively represent three types of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems（GIAHS）： Rice Fish Culture in Qingtian County,Zhejiang;Hani Rice Terrace System in Honghe County,Yunnan;and Traditional Rice Culture System in Wannian County,Jiangxi.Different types of agricultural heritage tourism are discussed and three different types of agricultural heritage tourism resource are proposed.We found that from point of the main tourism resource characteristics,the value of Honghe is the largest and Wannian is the smallest.Regarding assistant tourism resources characteristics,the value of Honghe is the largest and Qingtian is the smallest.From the point of relevant elements,the value of Qingtian is the largest and Honghe is the smallest.The tourist and market analysis shows that the value of Qingtian is the largest and Honghe is the smallest.Three sustainable tourism development models are built with the conceptual model of＂Stength-Weekness-Status-Response（SWSR）＂,which are＂Market Oriented Model＂in Qingtian,＂Resources Oriented Model＂in Honghe and＂Cultural event Oriented Model＂ in Wannian.Different models of tourism development would provide the outline and instruction for the three types of agricultural heritage sites.