民族植物学应重视“人类利用实践对植物资源影响”的研究

Ethnobotany Should Pay Attention to the Study of Impacts of Human Utilization Practices on Plant Resources

对民族民间利用植物资源的传统知识进行调查编目、探究相关传统知识形成的原因和影响因素一直是民族植物学研究的重点内容。作为"人与植物"之间关系中一个重要领域——人类利用实践对植物资源影响的研究却相对被忽略。重视这一研究领域,既可以为民族植物学方法及原理在植物资源保护与可持续利用实践提供理论依据,从而有助于推动民族植物学研究进入"应用阶段",同时也拓展了民族植物学研究领域。其中,人类采集活动(尤其是越来越严重的商业性采集)对植物资源的影响应该受到民族植物学家的重点关注。

To investigate and inventory traditional knowledge on plant resources and to study the factors which affect the acquisition of such knowledge, we need to focus on the relationship between human beings and plants, realizing that impacts of human utilization practices on plant resources have been relatively ignored by ethnobotanists. There are three major reasons/＇or conducting research related to the impacts of human utilization on plant resources ： （ 1 ） to provide a theoretical foundation for using ethnobotanical principles and methods in plant resource conservation and sustainable utilization ; （2） to promote ethnobotanieal research into the ＂application ~ stage ; and （ 3 ） to broaden the research area of ethnobotany. In this research, the influences of human harvesting activities （ especially commercial collecting） on plant resources should be given much more attention by ethnobotanists.