儿童支原体肺炎96例临床特点分析

Clinical analysis of 96 children with mycop!asma pneumonia

目的探讨儿童支原体肺炎的临床特点。方法回顾分析96例9个月～14岁儿童支原体肺炎的临床表现、实验室、影像学及部分患儿呼气峰流速，并对结果进行分析。结果5岁以下患儿构成比达39．6％；有78．1％合并肺外损害，心肌酶升高占20．8％；影像学间质改变最常见占46．9％。〈3岁患儿的喘息、心肌酶增高发生率与≥3岁患儿比较差异均有统计学意义（χ^2值分别为29．24、16．54，均P〈0．01）。结论儿童支原体肺炎发病年龄呈低龄化趋势；临床主要表现发热、咳嗽，通气功能受损常见；肺外表现以心肌、消化道受累为多见，预后良好。

Objective To explore the clinical features of children with mycoplasma pneumonia. Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical manifestations, laboratory and imaging results of 96 pediatric patients aged from 9 months to 14 years old with mycoplasma pneumonia and on maximum peak expiratory flow （PEF） of some patients. Results The patients under 5 years old accounted for 39.6%. There were 78.1% patients complicating with pulmonary external damages and 20.8% with high level of myocardial enzyme. Patients with most common interstitial change in radiological imaging accounted for 46, 9%. There was significant difference in incidence of wheezing and myocardial enzyme increasing between children under 3 years old and those aged 3 or more years （χ^2 value was 29.24 and 16.54, respectively, both P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion The onset age of childhood mycoplasma pneumonia tends to be younger. Major clinical manifestations include fever and cough, and damaged ventilation function is common. Myocardial and digestive lesions are most common extra -pulmonary manifestation, and the prognosis is good.