抗阻训练与蛋白质补充:改善老年人肌肉蛋白质代谢

Resistance training and protein supplement:Improvement of elderly muscle protein metabolism

背景:老年人肌肉蛋白质代谢出现了负平衡状态,这被认为是老年人肌肉丢失和肌肉功能衰退的重要原因。近年来的许多研究都证实,抗阻训练和蛋白质补充可以有效地改善老年人肌肉蛋白质代谢的负平衡现象,并提高老年人肌肉质量,改善其肌肉功能。目的:综述老年人抗阻训练、蛋白质补充以及抗阻训练结合蛋白质补充对老年人肌肉蛋白质代谢和肌肉功能的影响,探讨改善老年人肌肉功能和抑制肌肉丢失的可行办法。方法:应用计算机检索CNKI期刊全文数据库(2005年1月至2012年12月)和PubMed数据库(2010年1月至2012年12月)与肌肉蛋白质代谢、蛋白补充及抗阻训练对老年人肌肉蛋白质代谢影响的相关文献。检索词分别为"蛋白质代谢;肌细胞;肌肉丢失;抗阻训练;蛋白补充"和"muslce cell,resistancetraining,Sarcopenia,protein motablism"。结果与结论:在检索到的81篇文献中排除22篇不符合标准的文献,最终纳入59篇文献进行了分析、综述。结果表明,老年人肌肉蛋白质代谢的负平衡状态是导致老年肌肉丢失的直接原因。抗阻训练和给予富含亮氨酸的蛋白质补充能够有效增强老年人肌肉蛋白质合成代谢水平,并改善老年人肌肉功能。但老年人肌肉蛋白合成代谢对抗阻训练和蛋白补充的反应能力远低于年轻人。

BACKGROUND： Elderly muscle protein .metabolism appears negative balance status, which is considered to be the main reason for elderly muscle loss and muscle function decline. In recent years, many studies have confirmed that resistance training and protein supplements can effectively improve the phenomenon of the negative balance of the elderly muscle protein metabolism, increase the elderly muscle mass, and improve muscle function. OBJECTIVE： To review the effect of the elderly resistance, training, protein supplement and resistance training combined with protein supplements on muscle protein metabolism and muscle function, end to explore possible ways to improve the elderly muscle function and inhibit muscle loss. METHODS： The CNKI database （2005-01/2012-12） and PubMed database （2010-01/2012-12）were retrieved by the computer for the literatures addressing muscle protein metabolism and the effect of protein supplements and resistance training on muscle protein metabolism in the elderly. The key words were ＂protein metabolism, muscle cells, muscle loss, resistance training, protein supplement＂ in Chinese and ＂muscle cell, resistance training, sarcopenia, protein metabolism＂ in English. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： A total of 81 literatures were screened out, 22 literatures that did not meet the standards were eliminated, and then finally 59 literatures were included for the analysis and review. The results show that the negative balance of elderly muscle protein metabolism is the direct reason to elderly muscle loss. Resistance training and leucine-rich protein supplement can effectively enhance the the elderly muscle protein anabolism level, and improve muscle function of the elderly. But the elderly muscle protein anabolic response capability against resistance training and protein supplements is much lower than young people.