牙源和非牙源性干细胞在组织工程再生牙研究中的作用

Effects of dental and non-dental stem cells in the study of tissue-engineered regenerated teeth

背景:牙齿缺失是人类最为常见的器官缺失,近年组织工程学器官的研究日渐成熟,各类成体干细胞被用在再生牙的研究中。目的:对各类成体干细胞的特性进行阐述,探讨各类成体干细胞在再生牙研究过程中的作用及新进展。方法:由作者应用计算机检索1979至2012年PubMed数据库及CNKI数据库的文献,在英文标题和摘要中以"stem cell"和"tooth regeneration"检索,中文文献检索以"干细胞,牙再生,组织工程学牙,种子细胞"为关键词,选择内容与成体干细胞、再生牙与牙组织工程相关的文章,同一领域文献则选择近期发表或发表在权威杂志文章,共纳入53篇文献。结果与结论:牙齿生长发育条件特殊,易缺失且自体难以再生,再生组织工程牙的研究为牙缺失的治疗提供了一个新的治疗手段,在大量的实验研究中发现,不同的成体干细胞无论在体内诱导还是体外重建再生牙的过程中都可起到不同的作用,且各有优缺点,相比之下,脐血干细胞的优势就较为突出,在今后的再生牙研究中可能将发挥重要的作用。

BACKGROUND： Absence of tooth is a common organ loss for human. Recent study of tissue-engineered organ is gradually mature. Various adult stem cells have been used in the study of regenerated tooth. OBJECTIVE： To summarize the properties of various adult stem cells and to explore the effects and new progresses of various adult stem cells in the study of regenerated teeth. METHODS： An online retrieval of PubMed database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure for articles published from 1979 to 2012 was conducted. In titles and abstracts, the keywords were ＂stem cellstooth regeneration＂ in English, and ＂stem calls, regenerated tooth, tissue-engineered tooth, seed cells＂ in Chinese Articles addressed adult stem cells, regenerated tooth and tooth tissue engineering. In the same field, articles published recently or in authorized journals were included. Finally, 53 articles were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Teeth grow in a special condition, and hardly regenerated. Histological engineering dental research has offered a new treatment for tooth loss treatment. A large number of experimental studies found that different adult stem cells can have different functions in the process of regenerating teeth in vitro and in vivo, with advantages and disadvantages. In contrast, the advantage of umbilical cord blood stem calls is more outstanding, and may play an important role in the future study of tooth regeneration.