《联合国气候变化框架公约》二十年与中国低碳发展进程

Two Decades of the UNFCCC and China's Low-Carbon Development Process

应对《联合国气候变化框架公约》发展的基本脉络,大致可分为四个阶段:1992年公约开放签署到2005年《京都议定书》生效,这是一个建章立制的过程;2008—2012年为议定书第一承诺期;2013—2020年为议定书第二承诺期;2020年之后很可能出现一个取代议定书的新的全球性协议,未来的全球性协议应具有充分的包容性和灵活性。尽管公约进程的前景仍存在不确定性,但应对气候变化的任务更加艰巨,转变发展模式的要求更加突出,国际社会包括中国必须结合可持续发展的需要,作出更大的减缓努力,争取实现发展与减排的双赢。中国对气候变化和低碳发展的认识是一个不断加深、不断提高的过程,已认识到气候变化问题不仅是科学问题和环境问题,归根到底是发展问题,需要综合协调国民经济和社会发展的方方面面。随着公约谈判进入新阶段,中国将以更加积极的姿态主动参与塑造未来应对气候变化国际合作制度及全球减排协议。

The development of the UNFCCC experienced four phases of development: its inception from open signature of Convention in 1992 to taking into effect of the Kyoto Protocol in 2005;the first commitment period of the Protocol from 2008 to 2012;the second commitment period from 2013-2020;and a possible substitute for global agreement after 2020 that should be highly inclusive and flexible.Although full of uncertainties,but the task of addressing climate change remains arduous and the need to realize development model transition becomes more urgent.Responding to the requirement of sustainable development,the international community including China must double its mitigation efforts in pursuing a win-win result of both development and cutting emissions.China views climate change and low-carbon development in a gradually deeper way and it has come to know that climate change is not only a scientific issue and environment issue,but in the end a development issue.Climate change touches every aspect of the national economic and social development.With the Convention entering a new phase,China will take a more proactive posture to shape the future international cooperation institution for climate change and global mitigation agreements.