黄河三角洲五个耐盐树种苗木生物量比较

A study on seedling biomass of five salt-tolerant tree species in Yellow River Delta area

对黄河三角洲盐渍土上所育的2年生臭椿、美国竹柳、白榆、白蜡和五角枫5个耐盐树种苗木分别进行了生长、形态与生物量的比较分析。结果表明,臭椿、美国竹柳、白榆和白蜡4个树种苗木地上部分生长较好,五角枫苗木生长较差;白榆和白蜡2个树种主、侧根系发达,根系数量多、长度大,臭椿和美国竹柳2个树种苗木以粗根为主,中细根较少,五角枫根系多以中、细根为主;单株生物量由大到小的顺序为:白榆>白蜡>美国竹柳>臭椿>五角枫。综合5个树种苗木生产力7个指标的聚类分析显示,白榆、白蜡和美国竹柳为生产力高的1类,臭椿苗木生产力中等,五角枫生产力较低。从根系生长能力及发育程度来考虑,白榆、白蜡2个树种苗木与相同条件下生长的3个树种苗木比较,具有明显的优势,是盐渍土造林的好树种。

Morphological feature and biomass characteristics of five salt-tolerant tree seedlings（Ailanthus altissima Swingle, Salix americana Linn. , Ulmus pumila Linn. , Fraxinnus chinensis Roxb and Acer truncatum Bunge） planted for two years in Yellow River Delta area were analyzed. The results showed that above-ground part of seedlings in four species including Ailanthus altissima Swingle, Salix americana, Ulmus pumila Linn. And Fraxinnus chinensis Roxb grew well, but seedlings of Acer truncatum Bunge grew poorly. Principal root and branch root of Ulmus pumila Linn. and Fraxinnus chinensis Roxb seedlings grew longer and wider. Seedlings with large root in diameter was the main portion for root system of Ailanthus altissima Swingle and Salix americana. Seedlings with medium and slim root in diameter were the main portion for root system of Acer truncatum Bungeseedling. Ranking sequence of seedling biomass for five species was Ulmus pumila Linn. 〉 Fraxinnus chineusis Roxb 〉 Salix americana 〉 Ailanthus altissima Swingle 〉 Acer truncatum Bunge. Cluster analysis of seven variables in seedling productivity of five species showed that seedling production of Ulmus pumila Linn. , Fraxinnus chinensis Roxb and Salix americana Linn. was high, seedling production of Ailanthus altissima Swingle was medium, seedling production of Acer truncatum Bunge was low. According to situation of seedling growth and development in saline-alkali soil,Ulmus pumila Linn. , Fraxinnus chinensis Roxb were more suitable for saline-alkali soil improvement and utilization.