司马光与理学关系之再讨论

The Discussion on the Problem of the Relationship between Sima Guang and Neo-confucianism

司马光与理学的关系问题是一个争论了近千年的学术公案。从新儒学发展理论建构的视角来看,尽管司马光藉由中和论建立了一个思辨性较强的思想体系,对于理学的保护与传承起到了非常重要的作用,但因其在体用思维这一根本点上的缺失,致使无论从其哲学的思辨性、义利观,还是其对佛道的态度来看,皆与张载、二程等理学家有相当的距离。基于其独特的经典选择和理论特点,不可简单地将其归于理学家的行列,所谓的司马光属于"理学之重要创立者""、理学之偏师"和"理学非主流派"的说法,都是难以成立的。

The problem of the relationship between Sima Guang and Neo-confucianism is an academic case argued nearly a thousand years. From the perspective of the construction of Neo-confucianism, Sima Guang established a strong speculative thought system which played a very important role for the protection and inheritance of Neo-confucianism. However, because of the deletion on the thought of Ti-Yong, there was a considerable distance between Sima Guang and Zhang righteousness and benefit or the Zai and Cheng brothers on those problems such as speculative philosophy, the view of attitude to Buddhism and Taoism. Based on his unique classic choice and theoretical characteristics, Sima Guang can not belong to a Neo-confucian and those views that thought Sima Guang was an important founder of Neo-confucianism or the branch or non-mainstream of Neo-confucianism is untenable.