汉语趋向补语构式“动词+下来”分析

An Analysis On the Chinese Directional Complement Structure of "Verb + Xialai"

汉语中的趋向补语,尤其是趋向补语的引申用法,是汉语学习者学习的一个难点:一方面是趋向补语本身的意义抽象,不易掌握;另一方面是什么样的动词可以用于这些趋向补语,学生无从知道。利用构式语法理论以及认知隐喻论探讨"动词+下来"构式的意义及其联系,以及该构式对所能进入的动词的限制,能给我们的教学提供方便。

The directional complement,especially its extension usage,is the main obstacle for the foreign learners.The reason lies in two aspects： one is the Abstractness of directional complement.The other is that foreign learners＇ do not know the exact verbs that can be used in directional complement.By using construction grammar theory and cognitive theory of metaphors,the structure of ＂Verb ＋ Xialai＂ is analyzed in this thesis with its significance,its inner relationship,and its limitations on the verbs that can be used in the structure concluded.