早期斯图亚特王朝国王与城镇商人的商业关系

The Commercial Relationship between Kings and Urban Merchants in Early Stuarts

早期斯图亚特时期,英国国王与城镇商人之间建立起一种互惠的商业关系。对于国王而言,可以通过出售某些特权而获得经济利益和政治利益;对于城镇商人而言,有的时候必须接受这种商业关系,否则自身利益受损。双方商业关系的确立和维系,往往需要大臣作为中介才能得以实现,这就为腐败行为的盛行创造了条件。国王的一些做法也鼓励了腐败行为的蔓延,损害了与城镇商人之间的商业关系,促使城镇商人内部进一步分裂,并加重了民众的不满情绪。

In early Stuarts,kings built a reciprocal commercial relationship with urban merchants.Kings sold some privileges for economic and political interests,while urban merchants were sometimes forced to accept this commercial relationship,otherwise they would suffer loss of self-interests.The establishment and maintenance of the commercial relationship between both sides relied often on the courtiers as a medium,which facilitated the corruption.Some behaviors of kings also stimulated expansion of the corruption,damaged the commercial relationship with urban merchants,promoted divisions between urban merchants,and aggravated common people＇s dissatisfaction.