乌苏里拟鲿、瓦氏黄颡鱼杂交与自交子代生长性能比较

Growth Comparison of Offsprings in Ussuri Bullhead Pseudobagrus ussuriensis and Darkbarble Catfish Pelteobagrus vachelli and Their Reciprocal Hybrids

以乌苏里拟鲿、瓦氏黄颡鱼为亲本,建立了杂交(正交)乌♀×瓦♂、(反交)乌♂×瓦♀及乌苏里拟鲿和瓦氏黄颡鱼自交4个试验组合,鱼苗在水泥池培育51d,放入土池网箱养殖,在412、710d分别测定了相应的生长参数。试验结果表明,(1)51、412、710d3个生长阶段比较,正交组合(乌♀×瓦♂)全长、体质量均大于反交(乌♂×瓦♀)和自交组合。整个试验期间4个群体质量绝对增加率随养殖时间的增加而增大,特定生长率则下降。质量增加率以正交组最高,412、710d时,杂交组高于自交组,正交组与自交组差异显著(P<0.05),反交组与瓦氏黄颡鱼自交组差异不显著(P>0.05)。(2)3个生长阶段子代群体肥满度,以瓦氏黄颡鱼自交组最大。(3)杂交组在3个生长阶段均有超亲优势,分别相差1.005倍、1.472倍、1.818倍。(4)证明乌苏里拟鲿与瓦氏黄颡鱼属间杂交及育苗生产可行。

The fry of Ussuri bullhead Pseudobagrus ussuriensis and darkbarble catfish Pelteobagrus vachelli and their reciprocal hybrids F1 （Ussuri bullhead X darkbarble catfish , Ussuri bullhead X darkbarble catfish^-） were reared in concrete ponds for 51 days, and then cultured in cages. The growth parameters of the two hybrids and two larval populations were measured in 51 d, 412 d and 710 d. The results showed that （1） the F~ of （Ussuri bullhead ~ X darkbarble catfish ~ ） had more body length and body weight than the fish in other three groups did. The absolute growth rate of body weight was found to be increased with time increase in the four groups, while the specific growth rate （SGR） was observed to be decreased with the increase in culture period. The best growth in body weight was observed in the hybrids F1 （Ussuri bullhead ~ X darkbarble catfish ~ ）, whose hybrids showed higher body weight than the normal offsprings in 412 d and 710 d. There were significant differences in the body weight growth （P~ 0.05） between F~ hybrids of （Ussuri bullhead~ X darkbarble catfish ~ ） and the two populations, without significant difference （P 〈 0. 05） between F1 of （Ussuri bullhead ;darkbarble catfish ~＇ , Ussuri bullhead ~ ;~ darkbarble catfishgr）. （2） The darkbarble catfish showed the maximal condition factor in the three growth stages. （3） The two hybrid Fa showed over--parent heterosis, the over--parent heterosis of F1 （Ussuri bullheadg Xdarkbarble catfish ♂ ） being 1. 005 times in 51 d, 1. 472 times in 412 d and 1. 818 times in 710 d as that of Fa （Ussuri bullhead ♂ X darkbarble catfish g）. （4） The findings showed that intergeneric hybrid and breeding between Ussuri bullhead and darkbarble catfish is feasible.