2012年某医院临床病原菌分布及耐药监测性分析

Surveillance of bacterial resistance of clinical isolates obtained bacteria of a hospital in 2012

目的了解2012年该院患者送检血液、痰液、尿液等标本中分离出病原菌分布特点及耐药情况。方法收集2012年临床标本中分离的病原菌,采用全自动分析仪和API进行鉴定和药敏试验,采用WHONET5.6进行分析。结果临床分离的病原菌3 454株中,革兰阳性菌占36%,革兰阴性菌占64%,专性厌氧菌占1%。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌检出率分别为33%,耐万古霉素肠球菌检出率为1.6%。在肠杆菌科细菌中,产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)大肠埃希菌及肺炎克雷伯菌的检出率分别为60.6%及35.8%。非发酵菌以鲍曼不动杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌为主,耐药率高。结论医院感染的病原菌种类在不断增加;分离的病原菌耐药现象较普遍。持续做好细菌耐药监测工作,对指导临床合理使用抗菌药物有重要意义。

Objective To investigate the distribution and resistance of clinical isolates obtained from the second affiliated hospi- tal of Chongqing medical university in 2012. Methods The bacteria strains isolated from clinics were collected. Identification and drug susceptibility test were performed by automatic analysis system and API manual identification system. The date was analyzed according with software WHONET5.6. Results A total of 3 454 bacterial isolates were obtained,which included 36% gram-posi- tive strains,64 % gram-negative strains and 1 % Anaerobic bacteria. The detection rates of methicillin-resistant S. aures was 33%, the detection rate of vancomycin--resistant enterococci was 1.6 %. In enterobacteriaceae, ESBLs producing strains accounted for 60.6% and 35.8% in E. coil and K. pneumonia respectively. The drug resistance of A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa was increased. Conclusion Drug resistance of bacterial isolated from our hospital is universal. Drug monitoring data is important for clinical treat- ment.