宝鸡市健康人群麻疹免疫水平研究

Study on Measles Immunity Among Healthy Population in Baoji City

目的了解宝鸡市健康人群麻疹免疫总体水平,确定麻疹防控重点人群,为制定针对性麻疹预防策略提供依据。方法根据麻疹疫苗免疫策略不同阶段进行人群分组,对8个年龄组1 313人开展麻疹免疫史及患病史调查,并采集血清标本进行麻疹IgG抗体水平定量检测。结果全市健康人群麻疹抗体阳性率为78.90%,抗体几何平均浓度（GMC）为562.15 mIU/ml,达到保护性抗体阳性率为48.06%,以8月龄~6岁人群免疫水平最高,1-7月龄最低。8月龄~14岁儿童调查免疫率为97.80%,有1剂次、2剂次和3剂次免疫史人群免疫水平均高于无免疫史人群。麻疹抗体阳性率和麻疹发病率基本上呈反比。结论将小于8月龄作为麻疹防控的重点人群,可以考虑对育龄期人群进行麻疹疫苗预防性接种。接种液体疫苗和冻干疫苗的部分人群麻疹免疫力有所下降,可在生源较多的大、中专学校中开展入学新生麻疹疫苗接种。

Objective To know the overall measles immunity level among healthy population in Baoji city,so as to determine the susceptible populations to measles and finally draft pertinent measures for measles prevention and control.Methods A total of 1,313 subjects were grouped according to their stages in the measles vaccination（MV）strategies.The history of measles immunization and illness was collected and sera were sampled for quantitative detection of measles IgG antibody.Results The overall antibody positive rate was 78.90% and the protective antibody positive rate was 48.06%.The geometric mean concentration（GMC）of measles antibody was 562.15mIU/ml.The measles immunity level was the highest among children aged 8 months to 6 years,and was the lowest among the infants aged 1-7 months.The immunization rate was 97.80% among children aged 8 months to 14 years.The measles immunity level was higher among people vaccinated with 1 dose,2 doses and 3 doses of MV than among those unvaccinated.The measles antibody positive rate was basically inversely proportional to the incidence of measles.Conclusions In order to reduce the incidence of measles among infants younger than 8 months,implementation of MV for women of childbearing age is recommended.The measles immunity level declines among population vaccinated with aqueous vaccine and lyophilized vaccine.Measies vaccination can be considered for freshmen in universities and colleges where students are recruited from a great variety of places.