深圳市光明新区中学生吸烟现况及影响因素分析

Prevalence of Smoking and its Influencing Factors Among Middle School Students in Guangming New District, Shenzhen

目的了解深圳市光明新区中学生吸烟及其影响因素分布情况,为中学生吸烟干预措施的制定提供依据。方法运用分层整群抽样法对深圳市光明新区学校544名中学生进行吸烟状况、烟草有关知识、态度和行为、周围环境控烟情况等调查,使用SAS9.0软件分析。结果深圳市光明新区中学生尝试吸烟率为15.07%,男生（21.90%）显著高于女生（6.30%,P〈0.05）;中学生吸烟率为3.13%,男生（4.25%）和女生（1.68%）差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;高中生的尝试吸烟率和吸烟率分别为17.73%、1.42%,初中生的尝试吸烟率和吸烟率分别为14.14%、3.72%,初、高中学生其尝试吸烟率、吸烟率差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。82名尝试过吸烟的学生中,31.71%、24.39%的学生分别在7岁以前、12~13岁初始尝试吸烟;17名吸烟学生中,初始吸烟年龄主要集中在12~13岁（29.41%）、14~15岁（35.29%）和7岁前（23.53%）。93.01%、87.87%的学生分别知道吸烟和吸二手烟肯定危害健康,45.40%和52.21%的学生其父母与好朋友不吸烟。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示,女生比男生尝试吸烟可能性低（OR=0.50,95%CI：0.26~0.96）,好朋友吸烟（OR=1.88,95%CI：1.08~3.27）、具有好朋友给烟肯定会愿意吸（OR=3.11,95%CI：2.12~4.54）,年龄增加（OR=1.33,95%CI：1.04~1.69）增加了尝试吸烟的可能性。结论深圳市光明新区中学生吸烟现况不容乐观。加强同伴教育、提高中学生控烟主见等将有助于降低中学生的尝试吸烟率和吸烟率。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of smoking and the distribution of its influencing factors so as to pro vide evidence for formulating further tobacco control strategies.Methods A total of 544 middle school students from Guang ming New District,Shenzhen were selected by stratified cluster sampling to conduct questionnaire survey,and epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the surveyed data.Results The rate of attempting smoking of the students was 15.07%,and the rate of boys（21.90%） was significantly higher than that of girls（6.30%）,（P〈0.05）.The smoking rate of the stu dents was 3.13%,and no statistically significant difference was found in the smoking rate between boys（4.25%） and girls（1.68%）,（P〈0.05）.The rates of attempting smoking and the smoking rates were 17.73% and 1.42% in high school stu dents and 14.14% and 3.72% in junior middle school students,and the difference was not statistically significant（P〈0.05）.31.71% and 24.39% of 82 students attempted to smoke with the age of less than 7 years and 12-13 years old,respectively.A mong 17 smokers,the initial ages of smoking mainly focused on 12-13 years old（29.41%）,14-15 years old（35.29%）,and less than 7 years old（23.53%）.93.01% and 87.87% of the students knew the harm of smoking and secondhand smoking,re spectively.The non-smoking rates of the students’parents and good friends were 45.40% and 52.21%,respectively.Multi variate Logistic regression analysis showed that female was the protective factor for attempting smoking（OR=0.50,95%CI：0.26-0.96）,while good friends with smoking habit（OR=1.88,95%CI：1.08-3.27）,the intentions to smoke the cigarette from good friends（OR=3.11,95%CI：2.12-4.54） and the increasing age were the risk factors for attempting smoking（OR= 1.33,95%CI：1.04-1.69）.Conclusions The current status of smoking among middle school students in Guangming New District,Shenzhen is not to be optimistic.Strengthening peer education and improving students’tobacco control initiative are con ducive to reducing the rates of attempting smoking and smoking in the middle school students.