某丁腈橡胶生产线职业病危害预评价分析

Pre-assessment of Occupational Hazards in a Production Line of Nitrile Rubber

目的识别、评价丁腈橡胶生产线存在的主要职业危害因素,为制定职业病的预防措施提供依据。方法按照《建设项目职业病危害预评价技术导则》的要求,采取工程分析、类比法、职业卫生学调查等方法进行评价。结果该项目可能存在氯化钙尘、丙烯腈、丁二烯、乙酸、氨、碳酸钠、氢氧化钠(或氢氧化钾)、噪声、高温、工频电场,类比结果显示仅仅噪声超标,其他有害因素均符合职业接触限值的要求。结论该项目属于职业病危害严重的建设项目,其选址与总体布局、生产设备布局等基本符合国家有关规定,从职业病预防角度考虑,该项目运行时的职业病危害是可以预防和控制的。

Objective To identify and evaluate the occupational hazards existed in a project of nitrile rubber manufacturing so as to provide evidence for developing prevention and control measures.Methods According to the demand of the Technical Guidelines for Occupational Hazards Pre-assessment on Construction Project（GBZ/T196-2007）,project analysis,analogy method and occupational health survey were used to evaluate the project.Results Based on the analysis of analogical project,the main occupational hazards in the project might be calcium chloride dust,cyanoethylene,butadiene,acetic acid,ammonia,sodium carbonate,sodium hydroxide（or potassium hydroxide）,noise,high temperature and power-frequency electric field.Only the noise intensity exceeded occupational exposure limits.Conclusions The production line belongs to serious occupational hazards project.The site selection,overall layout and facilities arrangement meet the requirements of national laws and regulations.From the view of occupational hygiene,the main occupational hazards in the project could be prevented and controlled.