道德的堕落与堕落的道德——论《麦田里的守望者》

The Degeneration of Morality and the Morality in Degeneration: on The Catcher in the Rye

美国犹太裔作家塞林格的代表作《麦田里的守望者》叙述了堕落少年霍尔顿的经历。霍尔顿的堕落是一种表面上的堕落,是对于商业社会的反叛,批判了这种社会中道德的堕落。霍尔顿的颓废是对于当时社会的批判性戏仿,他的虚伪表征着对更深层次上的真诚的诉求,而他对于自然的眷恋则表现出反异化的主题。霍尔顿的堕落具有深刻的道德性,蕴含着多重的伦理学和社会学维度,并在其间表达着一种道德救赎的理想。

The Catcher in the Rye,as the representative work by the American Jewish writer Salinger,tells the experience of a＂degenerate＂teenager Holden.The degeneration of Holden is only on the surface,and as a revolt against the commercial society,it constitutes the criticism against the corruption of morality in that society.Holden’s degeneration is a critical parody of the society then,his hypocrisy embodies a pursuit of the sincerity in a deeper sense,and his sentimental attachment to the nature manifests an anti-alienation theme.Holden’s degeneration has profound moral meanings and houses manifold ethical as well as sociological dimensions,among which an ideal of moral redemption is given expression.