慧能禅与庄子关于“自由”思想之比较研究

A Comparative Study of "Freedom" Thought of Huineng and Zhuangtzu

慧能禅义和庄子思想于"自由"之旨上有深层共鸣。从形体而言,庄子思想讲求"离形去智",以"诚忘"求形体虚无、物我两忘之自由;慧能禅义则从"无相"出发,讲求无念去相、一无所滞之自由,甚至庄子之形上之思一并抛却,其宗旨略胜庄家。从灵魂(心性)而言,庄子从"诚忘"而有"心斋",从"心斋"而达"物化",于逍遥无待之祉尚求万物其一之无限自由之境界;慧能则自"无相"而有"无念",挈"无念"而达"无住",于念念不染之地能得不离不住之无极自由之境地。庄子自由而有万物,慧能已然自由至虚空。从这点来看,慧能禅比庄子更加高明。

Hui Neng Zen and Zhuang Zi thought have a deep resonance on the purport of ＂freedom＂.In form,Zhuang zi held the opinion of ＂the debonding to wisdom＂,pursing freedom of body ethereal and forgetting everything;Hui Neng Zen insisted on the righteousness from ＂no＂ and the nothing hysteresis free,even abandoned the thought of Zhuang Zi,which to some extent surpassed the thought of Zhuang Zi.From the perspective of soul（mind）,Zhuang Zi pursued to purify heart according to forgetting everything honestly,thus to reach objectification and infinite freedom of everything.Hui Nen＇s idea originated from no-self to no-mind to flexibility eventually.Zhuangzi enjoyed the idea of freedom and then had everything.However,Hui Neng is free to vanity.From this point of view,Hui Neng Zen is superior to Zhuang Zi.