施钾量对杂交棉产量和品质及钾肥利用率的影响

Effects of amount of applying potassium fertilizer on yield, fiber quality and potassium fertilizer application efficiency of three hybrid cotton cultivars

在大田试验条件下,研究施钾量对杂交棉金102、湘杂棉8号、泗阳328的产量和品质及钾肥利用效率的影响。结果表明:施钾(K2O)量为135～270 kg/hm2,可增加皮棉产量39.13%～57.48%,达极显著水平;单株成铃数、单铃重、衣分分别提高14.24%～40.29%、3.59%～15.51%、0.16%～4.89%;纤维长度、比强度随施钾量增加而增加,对麦克隆值无显著影响。施钾量由135 kg/hm2增加至270 kg/hm2时,钾肥偏生产力(PFPk)降低45.93%～48.01%,钾肥农学效率(AEk)降低37.1%～42.9%。金102的钾肥农学效率(AEk)最高,施钾增产效果最好;泗阳328耐低钾胁迫能力最强,不施钾肥时,皮棉产量分别较湘杂棉8号、金102高5.54%、11.19%。

The effects of potassium（K） application rates on the yield, quality and K fertilizer use efficiency of three hybrid cotton varieties （Jin102, Xiangzamian No. 8, Siyang328） were studied in field experiment. Fertilizer rates of K20 from 135 kg/hm2 to 270 kg/hm2, representing lx and 2x recommended K rates, were applied, no application of K fertilizer as the CK. The results showed that the lint yield increased 39.13%-57.48% with potassium application, highly significantly. All yield components of the three hybrid cotton varieties increased as K application rates increased. The boll number, single boll weight and lint percentage per cotton plant increased by 14.24%-40.29%, 3.59%-15.51%,and 0.16%-4.89% respectively.. The partial factor productivity （PFPk） reduced by 45.93 %-48.01%, the agronomic efficiency （AEk） reduced by 37.1%-42.9% in 2x. The PFPk and KE （K efficiency coefficients） of $328 were the highest among the three varieties, and its resistance to low potassium stress was the strongest, without potassium fertilizer application （K0）, its lint yield was 5.54% and 11.19% higher respectively than that of the other two varieties. The AEk of J102 was the highest, and its reward of K fertilizer was the greatest among the three varieties. The specific strength and fiber length increased with the increase of the amount of potassium fertilizer application no significant differences for micronaire among K application rates, were discovered.