6～18个月患儿头皮静脉输入氯化钾哭闹的原因分析与护理

Cause analysis of 6 - 18 months old infants crying and screaming during scalp vein infusion of potassium chloride and related nursing

目的探讨6—18个月小儿经头皮静脉滴注氯化钾溶液导致哭闹的原因以及相关护理对策。方法选择需静脉补给氯化钾患儿68例，随机分为观察组和对照组各34例，对照组进行常规输液方法，观察组实施护理干预措施，比较两组患儿哭闹发生率。结果观察组患儿中25例顺利完成治疗，仅9例患儿出现哭闹情况；对照组患儿中仅2例顺利完成治疗，32例在治疗过程中存在不同程度的哭闹，两组比较差异有统计学意义（χ2=4．722，P〈0．05）。结论补钾前对患儿、药物、用物、环境和穿刺技术进行正确的评估；穿刺时保证穿刺质量；输液中加强巡视，对出现的问题再次认真评估、分析和正确处理，可有效地减轻补钾引起的疼痛和不适，减少患儿哭闹不安的状况和家属烦躁不满的情绪，防止补钾隐患和医疗纠纷，提高治疗效果。

Objective To discuss the reason of 6 -18 months old infants crying and screaming during scalp vein infusion of potassium chloride and related nursing methods. Methods Totals of 68 infants who needed scalp vein infusion of potassium chloride were chosen and divided into the observation group and the control group, each with 34 cases. The control group received conventional infusion method while the observation group received nursing intervention. Incidence rate of crying and screaming was compared between two groups. Results 25 out of 34 infants completed treatment successfully in the observation group, and only 9 cried and screamed. Only 2 out of 34 infants completed treatment successfully in the control group, and 32 cried and screamed to different degrees. The differences were statistically significant （ χ2 = 4. 722, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions Correct evaluation of infants, medicine, material, environment and puncture technique before infusion is needed, quality of puncture should be ensured, patrol during infusion should be strengthened, and problems should be re-evaluated, analyzed and properly dealt with, so that pain and discomfort caused by infusion can be effectively alleviated, infants＇ crying and screaming as well as parents＇ discontent can be reduced, hidden trouble and medical tangle can be prevented, and treatment effect can be improved.