我国医疗中心设置区域划分的初步聚类分析

Preliminary Clustering Analysis of the Zone Division of Medical Center Construction in China

目的基于前期研究,初步筛选部分有代表性的指标,客观评价和进行医疗中心设置的区域划分,可为政策制定提供参考。方法根据文献研究,分别选取社会经济状况、地理环境、医疗资源和居民健康状况四个方面的指标,即人均GDP、人口密度、每千人口执业(助理)医师数和期望寿命指数进行聚类分析,对我国31个省、自治区、直辖市进行医疗中心的区域划分和客观评价。结果上海、北京、天津单独成类,分别为第一类、第二类和第三类;山东、广东、辽宁、福建、江苏、浙江和内蒙古为第四类;河北、海南、吉林、黑龙江和山西为第五类;陕西、宁夏、安徽、河南、广西、四川、湖北、湖南和重庆为第六类;青海、新疆、云南、西藏、贵州、江西和甘肃为第七类。对于划分的不同区域,在进行国家医疗中心设置规划时,考虑采取不同的策略。结论增进政府宏观调控和区域卫生规划,加强领导,争取多方配合,鼓励社会参与区域医疗中心的建设等。

Objective Based on the related research results before, some representative indicators were screened pre- liminarily in order to evaluate objectively and conduct zone division of medical center construction, which can provide references for policy making. Methods After literature research, four indicators about society＇s economic status, geo- graphical environment, medical resources and residents＇ health status were chosen to do cluster analysis, so as to di- vide and objectively evaluate the medical centers of the 31 provinces in China. Results Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin are di- vided into a class alone, which are the first class, the second class and the third class respectively; Shandong, Guang- dong, Liaoning, Fujian, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Inner Mongolia are as the fourth class; Hebei, Hainan, Jilin, Hei- tongjiang and Shanxi are as the fifth class; Shaanxi, Ningxia, Anhui, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Sichuan and Chongqing are as the sixth class; Qinghai, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Tibet, Guizhou, Jiangxi and Gansu are as the seventh class. For disparate areas of the division, different strategies should be considered in the program of the establishment of the national medical centers. Conclusion Suggestions were put forward to enhance the government＇s macro-control and the regional health planning, to strengthen the leadership, to strive for multi-party cooperation, and to encourage social participation in the construction of the regional medical centers, etc.