滦河下游河流健康评价研究

Study on river health assessment of Lower Luanhe River

针对河流健康评价中诸多评价方法在指标权重确定方面存在困难的问题,应用改进主成分分析评价方法,实现河流健康等级评价。该方法从原始数据标准化处理方法上进行分析,用新的数据标准化方法代替传统的数据标准化方法,克服了原始数据部分信息丢失的问题,用主成分贡献率作为评价权重,克服了主观赋权的人为干扰,使评价结果更加客观真实。以滦河下游唐山地区8个河段为计算实例,得到所研究区段河流健康状况均为亚健康状况,其中玉田、丰润、滦县等区段的健康指标已经接近于不健康状况临界值。为此,建议应加强滦河下游河段的环境保护。

Aiming at solving the problem that it is difficult to determine the index weight with so many assessment methods during the assessment on river health, an improved principal component analysis based comprehensive assessment method is applied to realize the assessment on the river health grade. By this method, the original data standardizing treatment is analyzed by replacing the traditional data standardizing method with a new data standardizing method and then the problem of the loss of part of informa- tion from the original data is overcome. Meanwhile, the human disturbance from the subjective weight is avoided by taking the contribution rate of principal component, which makes the assessment result is much more objective and true. By taking 8 river reaches of the Lower Luanhe River in Tangshan District as the actual calculation cases, it is obtained that the all the river reaches within the study area are under the sub-health status; in which the health indexes of the reaches such as Yutian, Fengrun, Lu- anxian, etc. are close to the critical values of the ill health status. Therefore, it is suggested that the environment protection of the reaches of the Lower Luanhe River must be strengthened.