石河子大学维吾尔和哈萨克族大学生膳食调查

Investigation on diet among Uyghur and Kazak students in Shihezi University

目的分析石河子大学维吾尔和哈萨克族大学生在校期间膳食营养状况。方法采用24 h回顾法与称重法相结合,了解石河子大学维吾尔与哈萨克族大学生在校期间膳食结构、能量及各营养素摄入状况。结果维吾尔和哈萨克族大学生在校期间膳食构成以谷类为主,蔬菜水果、鱼虾类及奶类摄入量明显偏低。这些食物摄入量偏低也导致了膳食纤维、维生素A、硫胺素、核黄素、维生素C、叶酸和钙摄入不足。维吾尔族男生粮谷类和部分动物性食物摄入量高于哈萨克族,哈萨克族男生豆类豆制品摄入量高于维吾尔族男生。维吾尔族女生粮谷类、乳类及乳制品和其他食品的摄入量高于哈萨克族。在各营养素方面,维吾尔族女生能量、维生素A、钙摄入量高于哈萨克族女生。结论石河子大学维吾尔和哈萨克族大学生在校期间膳食构成有很大的相似之处,普遍存在膳食结构不合理以及严重的维生素和钙的摄入不足问题,应充分重视少数民族大学生的食物消费及膳食结构对其健康状况产生的影响,积极倡导合理饮食。

[ Objective] To analysis diet status of Uyghur and Kazak students in Shihezi University. [ Methods] 24h recall method and weighting method were used to investigate dietary pattern, intake of energy and nutrients of Uyghur and Kazak students in Shi- hezi university. [ Results ] In dietary pattern of Uyghur and Kazak students in Shihezi university, cereal was predominant, the intake of vegetables, fruits, fish and shrimp and milk was obviously low. Low intake of these food resulted in low levels of dietary fiber, vita- min A,vitaminB1, vitaminB2,vitamin C,folic acid and calcium. Compared to Kazak male students, Uygur male students had high intake of grains and some animal food and low intake of soy bean products. Compared to Kazak female students, Uygur female students had high intake of grains, milk and milk products. As for various nutrients, Uygur female students had high intake of ener- gy, vitamin A and calcium, compared to Kazak girl students. [ Conclusion] Dietary patterns of Uyghur and Kazak students in Shi- hezi university are similar, unreasonable dietary pattern, severe vitamin and calcium deficiency are ubiquitous. It＇ s necessary to pay sufficient attention to ethnic minority college students＇ food consumptions, dietary patterns and their influence on health. Rational diet should be actively advocated, i~：