马鞍山市手足口病重复感染病例流行病学调查

Epidemiological investigation on repeated infections of hand,foot and mouth disease in Ma'anshan City

目的分析手足口病重复感染的发生率及流行病学特征,为手足口病的预防控制工作提供科学依据。方法收集整理马鞍山市2008—2011年网络直报的手足口病资料,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2008—2011年发生的7 583例手足口病患儿中,有294例发生2次及以上感染,发生率为3.88%;重复感染人群中男女性别比为1.75∶l;发病年龄主要集中在l～4岁(92.52%);重复感染高峰期与全市总发病高峰期基本一致,有62.24%的重复感染病例发生在距首次感染后的1年内,在同一年内和第2年发生重复感染分别占30.27%和53.74%,重复感染病例中实验室诊断病例占10.88%,型别主要以EV71为主,占59.38%。结论 1～4岁儿童手足口病重复感染发生率较高,感染的肠道病毒以EV71为主,应针对重点人群做好重复感染控制工作。

[ Objective ] To analyze the incidence rate and epidemiological characteristics of repeated infection of hand, foot and mouth disease （HFMD） , provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of HFMD. [ Methods ] The data of HFMD cases in Ma＇nshan City from 2008-2011 was collected from the National diseases reporting information system, and were analyzed by de- scriptive epidemiological methods. [ Results] Among 7 583 HFMD cases from 2008-2011, 294 were attacked twice and more, and the repeated infection rate was 3.88%. The male-to-female ratio was 1.75： 1, and 92.52% of cases were children aged 1-4 years old. The peak season of repeated infection was basically identical with that of total HFMD cases. 62.24% of repeated infections oc- curred within one year after the first infection. The repeated infections in the same year and second year accounted for 30.27% and 53.74% respectively. 10.88% of repeated infections diagnosed by the laboratory test, and the main virus type was enterovirus 71 （ EV71 ） , which accounted for 59.38% of the positive samples. [ Conclusion] The incidence rate of repeated infection in children aged 1-4 year-old is the highest, and the main virus type was EV71. It is important to prevent and control repeated infection of HFMD among high-risk population.