Zn^(2+)胁迫对黑水虻生长发育的影响

Effects of Zinc on the growth and development of black soldier fly Hermetia illucens L.(Dipetra:Stratiomyidae)

利用黑水虻幼虫进行粪便无害化处理是解决我国日益严重禽畜粪便污染问题的新途径之一,但饲料中过量添加禽畜生长所必需微量元素,使粪便中微量元素含量严重超标,对黑水虻的生长发育可能会产生影响。本文通过在人工饲料中添加不同浓度Zn^(2+),研究了连续两代Zn^(2+)胁迫对黑水虻生长发育的影响。结果表明,高浓度Zn^(2+)胁迫可降低黑水虻5龄幼虫、预蛹及蛹的重量,但两个世代间体重差异并不显著;受Zn^(2+)胁迫的第1、2代黑水虻幼虫的存活率、化蛹率及蛹的羽化率未受到显著影响,但低浓度Zn^(2+)可显著缩短幼虫及蛹的发育历期,高浓度Zn^(2+)胁迫可显著延长其发育历期,且与第1代相比,第2代幼虫和蛹的发育历期显著延长;高浓度Zn^(2+)胁迫显著缩短了第2代成虫的寿命,但未对第2代黑水虻卵的孵化率产生显著影响。因此,饲料中过量添加Zn^(2+)会对黑水虻幼虫和蛹的发育历期及成虫寿命产生影响,进而可能影响黑水虻幼虫无害化处理粪便的能力。

Innocent treatment of manure utilizing the black soldier fly Hermetia illucens L. larvae is one of the new ways to solve China＇s increasingly serious animal manure pollution. However, essential trace elements accumulated in manure resulting from the excessive addition in livestock artificial might influence the growth and development of black soldier fly. In the present study, effects of zinc on growth and development of H. illucens were evaluated by feeding H. illucens larvae with artificial diets amended with different concentrations of zinc for 2 generations. Results showed that weight of the 5th instar larvae, prepupa and pupa was significantly reduced under high concentrations of Zn2 ＋ stress, however, there was no significant difference between the 1 at and 2nd generation. Survival rate, pupation rate and emergence rate of the two generations＇ H. illucens were not significantly affected by Zn2 ＋ stress. Developmental duration of larvae and pupae were shortened under low levels of Zn2＋ stress, but significantly extended under high levels of Zn2＋ stress. Furthermore, developmental duration of larvae and pupae from the 2nd generation were significantly extended comparing to that from the 1st generation. Adult longevity was shortened by high levels of Zn2＋ treatment but hatching rate of eggs was not affected in the 2nd generation. Therefore, developmental duration of larvae and pupae, adult longevity could be affected by artificial diets with excessive Zn2＋ , which could further affect manure innocent treatment ability of H. illucens larvae .