油菜新品种阳光2009最适机播密度研究

Discussion on the Most Suitable Machine Sowing Density of A New Rape (Brassica napus L.) Variety Yangguang 2009

[目的]确定适合油菜(Brassica napus L.)新品种阳光2009的最佳机播密度。[方法]对油菜新品种阳光2009开展机播密度试验,7个密度分别为15.0万、22.5万、30.0万、37.5万、45.0万、52.5万、60.0万株/hm2。[结果]油菜品种阳光2009在45.0万株/hm2密度水平下,产量最高达到2542.5 kg/hm2,该密度下油菜的株高、有效分枝部位高度、单株有效分枝数、单株荚果数、菌核病指分别是190.8cm、95.2 cm、6.2个、192.8个和10.8,在同等气候条件和管理水平下,基本达到了该品种合理的表现水平。[结论]确定适合阳光2009的最佳机播密度为45万株/hm2,并认为在该品种的利用过程中要采用化学措施控制油菜的株高和成熟期,以便有利于机械化收获。同时,育种家还要进一步加强选育适合油菜全程机械化生产的品种。

[ Objective ] The aim was to confirm on the suitable machine sowing density of a new rape variety Yangguang 2009. [ Method ] Seven machine sowing density, 15.0 × 104, 22.5 × 104, 30.0 × 104, 37.5 × 104, 45.0× 104, 52.5 × 104, 60.0 ×104 plants/hm2, were designed to conduct on the machine sowing density test. [ Result] When the machine sowing density of Yangguang 2009 was 45.0 × 104 plants/hm2, its yield was the highest with 2 542.5 kg/hm2, and its plant height,the height of effective branch part, number of effective branch per plant, number of pods per plant and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum index was 190.8 cm, 95.2 cm, 6.2, 192.8 and 10.8, resp. , under the same climate condition and management level, that reached its reasonable appearance level. [ Conclusion] It can be concluded that the optimum machine sowing density for the Yangguagn 2009 is 45.0 × 104 plants/hm2, and the chemical measures should be taken to control the height and the mature period during its growth for the sake of convenient mechanization harvest. In the meantime, the breeders should further enforce the selection of varieties suitable for mechanization.