南阳小麦灌浆质量的影响因素和提升措施

Factors Affecting the Nanyang Wheat Grouting Quality and Improving Measures

南阳是河南省粮食主产区,夏粮产量对全年粮食生产至关重要。虽然在小麦生育前期,基本苗和苗情都和黄淮高产麦田没有很大差别,但由于后期外界因素的差别和影响,主要是倒春寒、干热风和连阴雨,易形成冻害、冷害、赤霉病、植株早衰、穗发芽等,导致穗粒数减少,粒重降低,品质下降,产量受到很大影响。通过小麦灌浆期、灌浆阶段影响南阳小麦灌浆的外界因素的分析,提出如何应对南阳小麦灌浆期的各种不利因素,认为提高小麦灌浆速度和缩短灌浆时间,着重增加小麦粒重,从而提高小麦产量和质量。

Nanyang is the main breadbasket of Henan Province, and the output of grain in summer means a lot to grain production all the year around. Although the basic seedlings and the growth of seedlings in the early days of growing stages have no huge difference from that in high- yield wheat plots of Huanghuai District, because of the effects and differences of external factors, such as late spring cold, dry hot wind and con- tinuous rain, it is very easy to suffer from freezing injury, cold injury, wheat scab, early senescence, pre-harvest sprouting and so on, causing the reduction of the number of grain, decrease of grain weight, low quality and yield. The thesis comes up with how to deal with various disad- vantageous factors in the Pustulation Period of Nanyang wheat, improve the speed of grouting and shorten the grouting time, increase grain weight, thus promoting the yield and quality of wheat, by studying about postulation period, exploring the stages of grouting and analyzing the ex- ternal factors which affecting the grouting.